Profile and Phenotypes of Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral and Bone Disorders in Chronic Haemodialysis Patients

Abstract

Background: Chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD) significantly affects haemodialysis patients, impacting prognosis and quality of life. This study examines CKD-MBD profiles and phenotypes to guide intervention strategies.
Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study at Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya, from August to October 2023, involving 111 haemodialysis patients. Data collected included demographic characteristics, CKD etiology, nutritional status, and bone mineral markers (calcium, phosphate, parathyroid hormone, and vitamin D3). Statistical analyses are used to assess relationships between bone mineral biochemistry and factors like age, dialysis duration, and diabetes presence.
Results: The study found a balanced gender distribution and median age consistent with global CKD trends. Hypertension was the most common CKD cause (48.6%). The prevalence of high turnover, low turnover, and mixed turnover is 54.95%, 23.42%, and 21.62%, respectively. Longer dialysis duration and absence of diabetes correlated with higher levels of calcium, iPTH, and ALP. Older patients showed significantly lower iPTH and ALP levels.
Conclusions: CKD-MBD in chronic haemodialysis patients shows varied and complex patterns, highlighting the need for personalized treatment approaches.