Non-Communicable Diseases and Non-Modifiable Risk Factors: Analysis of the Situation in Three Ecuadorian Cities, 2023

Abstract

Introduction: noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) have become the main causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide and their incidence and prevalence is increasing. Objective: to analyze nonmodifiable risk factors for NCDs in Azogues, Biblián and Déleg. Methodology: observational, descriptive-correlatonial study in a probabilistic sample of 993 people (men and women), over 20 years of age, residents of District 03D01, applying the survey technique, through a validated questionnaire for the detection of disease risk factors chronic-degenerative. Statistical analysis was performed in the Jamovi software, using nonparametric tests such as Chi-square of homogeneity and other coefficients to measure the effect size "Cohen's d" and the strength of association "Cramer's V". Results: median age 39 years, women (69.1%), "mestizos" (99.4%), from rural areas (64.8%), with secondary education (47.4%), married (59.9%), hypertensive (32%), diabetics (12%), chronic respiratory disease (10%), thyroid disease (5%), heart disease (2%), cancer (1%), overweight/obesity (56%), dyslipidemias (23%). Conclusions: Nonmodifiable factors such as age, ethnicity, sex and family history are

determining factors in the development of NCDs, and in District 03D01 they are significantly associated (p<0.05), especially with diabetes and arterial hypertension.