Positional Release Technique vs. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy on Pain Intensity in Chronic Non-specific Low Back Pain: A Randomized Control Trail

Abstract

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Objectives: Chronic musculoskeletal pain is a challenging clinical concern, often causing significant patient distress. Accordingly, we aimed to assess and compare the efficiency of positional release technique (PRT) and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) in managing chronic non-specific low back pain (CNLBP). Methods: This study recruited 60 patients with pain duration exceeding three months from the Faculty of Physical Therapy Outpatient Clinic, Horus University, allocated randomly into Groups A, B, and C (n = 20) at 1:1:1, with all groups receiving conventional physical therapy (CT). Groups A and B followed PRT and CBT intervention, respectively, while Group C (Control) received only CT. Pain intensity (Primary outcome), pain pressure threshold (PPT), functional disability, lumbar range of motion, and cognition level were evaluated pre- and post-intervention using a Visual Analog Scale, algometer, Modified Oswestry Disability Index, inclinometers, and Pain Anxiety Stress Scale. Results: Post-treatment, all groups showed significant improvements in the assessed parameters, with Group A experiencing the most significant decrease in pain intensity and increase in PPT, while Group B showed a significant improvement in the disability index. Conclusions: Integrating either PRT or CBT with CT can effectively lower pain intensity and enhance back functionality in CNLBP patients.