Study Of Outcome Of Pregnancies With Subchorionic Hemorrhage In A Tertiary Care Hospital

Abstract

Background: Subchorionic hemorrhage (SCH) is a common complication of pregnancy, characterized by the accumulation of blood between the uterine wall and the chorionic membrane due to the separation of the chorion from the endometrium. It is often detected incidentally during routine ultrasound scans. While SCH frequently leads to vaginal bleeding and anxiety regarding pregnancy outcomes, its clinical significance and impact on pregnancy remain subjects of debate. Some studies have suggested an association between SCH and adverse outcomes like miscarriage, preterm birth, and placental abruption, while others indicate no significant effect.
Aims and Objectives: To measure the prevalencee of subchorionic hemorrhage in antenatal patients. To access the association between subchorionic hemorrhage and outcome such as abortion, preterm birth, intrauterine growth restriction, preterm premature rupture of membrane (PPROM), preeclampsia, antepartum haemorrhage, still birth and mode of delivery.
Methodology: It is a prospective observational study conducted over 6 months at Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, including 100 reproductive age female with confirmed pregnancy by purposive sampling method. Data was collected and pregnancy is followed up by standard antenatal visits and their outcome such as abortion, pregnancy complication such as PPROM, preeclampsia, antepartum hemorrhage, still birth. Time and Mode of delivery, Birth weight and neonatal wellbeing the data collected and tabulated. Statistical methods were employed to identify significant pattern and correlations.
Results: In our study the SCH group had a higher proportion of multiparous women (64%) compared to the non-SCH group (42%). This difference in parity distribution between the two groups was statistically significant (p=0.028). In our study also the SCH group had numerically higher rates of adverse obstetric outcomes namely miscarriage, preterm labor, PPROM, antepartum hemorrhage, Small for gestational age (SGA), preeclampsia, mode of delivery but these differences were not statistically significant when compared to the non-SCH group.
Conclusions: Despite advancements, gaps remain in understanding the underlying mechanisms, optimal management strategies, and long-term outcomes associated with SCH. Future research should focus on prospective studies evaluating novel treatments, long-term follow-up of affected pregnancies, and identifying biomarkers or predictors of adverse outcomes.