Assessment of Variations of Root Canal Morphology in Permanent Canines in Population of Central Gujarat - A Retrospective Study

Abstract

Background: Understanding the changes in root canal anatomy is critical for successful endodontic treatment. The changes in root canal morphology differs in each tooth. Canines are also described as “cornerstones” of the arch because they assist the jaw into normal alignment during chewing and biting. This study was done to evaluate the variability of root canal morphology in maxillary and mandibular canines.
Aim: to evaluate the variations of root canal morphology in maxillary and mandibular canines, in males & females, in both right and left sides in central Gujarat population using OPG.
Material and Methods: In this In vitro study; total of 775 OPG samples (448 males & 327 females) were evaluated. High- quality images that showed maxillary & mandibular canines with untreated canals, absences of restorations or post endodontic restoration, absence of periapical lesions was included in the study while distorted OPG images, canines with previously initiated or completed root canal treatment, canines with immature root apex, presence of post or crown were excluded from the study. The prevalence of each type was determined through evaluating the OPG ( ie, 1-1,2-1,2-2,2-1,1-2-1 configuration etc.) by a single operator.
Results: The most common canal configuration was 1-1 in both maxillary and mandibular canines (97.76 % maxillary right canines, 98.15 % maxillary left canines, 91.14 % mandibular right canines, 93.22 % mandibular left canines). 98.1% , 97.2 % of males and females respectively showed 1-1 canal configurations in maxillary right canines. 98.61% , 97.48 % of males and females respectively showed 1-1 canal configurations in maxillary left canines. In case of mandibular right canines 92.55% males and 89.23 % females showed 1-1 canal configurations. In case of mandibular left canines 94.13% males and 92 % females showed 1-1 canal configurations.
Conclusion: The presence of Type I canal configuration mostly seen in the Central Gujarat population with higher frequency in maxillary canines compared to mandibular canines and more in males compared to females.