Validation of obesity as a phenotypic trait based on Prakriti assessment supported by anthropometric profile among NE young adults

Abstract

Background: The WHO uses the term "globesity" to reflect an escalating global epidemic of overweight and obesity. The northeastern parts of India, due to their tough terrain, were not affected much, but recent infrastructural development and ease of life have paved the way for concerns about obesity. According to the latest NFHS-3, the prevalence of overweight and obesity in the area is nearly 15–20%. In texts, the idea of Prakriti (a person's genotypic constitution) clearly shows how these Prakriti show up in their phenotypic traits through simple meanings and comparisons. BMI and skinfold measurement are well-studied techniques for the identification of obesity.
Objectives: To validate the Ayurveda principle about obesity as a phenotypic trait of Prakriti and to find the relation of BMI and Prakriti about overweight and obesity
Methods: We conducted this study on 100 students from Northeastern states studying at NEIAH, selecting them based on inclusion criteria. A questionnaire assessed Prakriti based on the phenotypic traits of Vata, Pitta, and Kapha. After an assessment, subjects were further categorized into three groups, and anthropometric (via measuring tape) and skinfold thickness (via Harpenden's caliper) parameters were taken and analyzed.
Results: The survey revealed that Pittaja Prakriti constituted the majority of participants. This study found that the participants' weight, body mass index (BMI), neck, mid-arm, forearm, waist, hip, and mid-thigh circumferences, as well as the thickness of their biceps and suprailiac skin, were all statistically significant.
Conclusion: Ayurvedic literature considers Sthoulya as a Kapha disorder. The current study also reveals a higher prevalence of Sthoulya in Prakriti, a Kapha-dominated body type. We link this to the storage of lipid and fat molecules. Timely identification of obesity-prone genotypes among the population can be instrumental in curbing its ill effects.