A Review of Pathogenesis, Genetic Polymorphisms, Diagnosis and Treatment Approaches of Vitiligo
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70135/seejph.vi.4183Abstract
Vitiligo is a depigmenting skin condition characterized by a specific melanocyte depletion, resulting in melanin attenuation inside the skin's damaged regions. A distinguishing feature is a completely amelanotic, non-scaly, chalky-white macule with clear borders. The understanding of the etiology of vitiligo has advanced significantly in recent years. It is now categorically recognized as an autoimmune disorder associated with metabolism and oxidative stress, including cellular detaching diseases, as well as hereditary and environmental factors. The consequences of vitiligo can be mentally distressing and frequently have a significant impact on daily life; thus, this should never be dismissed as an esthetic or minor illness. The two main types of the condition recognized by a global consensus in 2011 were nonsegmental vitiligo (NSV) and segmental vitiligo (SV). The term "vitiligo" was chosen to refer to all NSV types (including acrofacial, mucosal, generalized, universal, mixed, and rare variants). One of the most important critical decisions made by this consensus was to distinguish SV from other types of vitiligo, especially given the implications for prognosis.
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