THE EFFECTIVENESS OF DIGITAL HEALTH EDUCATION ON DIABETIC FOOT CARE BASED ON HEALTH BELIEF MODEL AMONG TYPE II DIABETIC PATIENTS: A PILOT STUDY
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70135/seejph.vi.3246Abstract
Background: Diabetic foot complications are a critical issue in Type II diabetes, contributing significantly to morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. Despite available preventive measures, adherence remains suboptimal. Digital health education, informed by the Health Belief Model (HBM), has shown promise in improving health behaviors but requires thorough validation and reliability assessment.
Objective: This study aims to evaluate the validity and reliability of a digital health education program designed using the HBM to enhance diabetic foot care behaviors among Type II diabetics.
Methods: A randomized controlled trial (RCT) was conducted with 30 Type II diabetic patients, randomly assigned to an intervention group (n=15) and a control group (n=15) at RSUD drTjokronegoroPurworejo from May 1, 2024, to May 31, 2024. The intervention group received a digital education program incorporating HBM principles, while the control group received standard care. Measurement instruments included a Diabetic Foot Care Knowledge Questionnaire, a Foot Care Behavior Checklist, and a Health Belief Model Scale. Validity was assessed through content and construct validity, while reliability was evaluated using internal consistency and test-retest methods.
Results: The intervention group showed significant improvements in foot care knowledge and behaviors compared to the control group (p < 0.05). The digital program demonstrated strong validity and reliability, with high internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha > 0.8) and stable test-retest reliability.
Conclusion: The digital health education program based on the HBM was both valid and reliable, effectively improving diabetic foot care behaviors among Type II diabetics. These findings support the integration of theoretical models into digital health interventions to enhance patient self-care practices.
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