Consumption pattern of Tobacco and related products among adult population in a village of coastal Karnataka: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Introduction: Tobacco usage is one of the most rising and concerning causes of a range of diseases such as cancer, heart diseases, stroke, etc. eventually leading to death. There are over 267 million tobacco users in India. Of adults, 28.6% use tobacco products (males 42.4%, women 14.2%). Adults who use smokeless tobacco make up 21.4%. So this study was done to estimate the proportion of tobacco and related products consumption among adults in Ira village and to analyze the Systolic blood pressure and Diastolic blood pressure among consumers and non-consumers of tobacco and related products.
Methodology: This community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Ira village and included residents aged 18 years and above with a total sample size of 200. It is done by using the simple random sampling method using a pre validated, pretested structured questionnaire prepared after referring to the Global Adult Tobacco Survey and measuring their blood pressure. Statistical analyses like Chi-square and T-test were performed.
Results: Among the females,7.6% are tobacco users compared to 46.3% males (p<0.001). 31-45 year age group showed significantly higher consumption and employed individuals had higher consumption rates. SBP(123.66 ± 12.76 mm of Hg V/s129.70 ± 15.19 mm of Hg; p = 0.007) and DBP (79.99 ± 9.99 mm of Hg V/s 85.06 ± 9.72mm of Hg; p = 0.003) was significantly higher among users as compared to non-consumers.
Conclusion: Gender, age and employment status were important predictors for tobacco consumption. SBP and DBP were significantly higher among users of tobacco highlighting the need for primary prevention strategies against hypertension and tobacco cessation.