An Analytical Study Of Demographic, Clinical And Etiological Profile Of Patients With Sepsis.

Abstract

Introduction:
Sepsis, a life-threatening condition caused by a systemic inflammatory response to infection, continues to have high mortality rates, especially in ICU settings. The SOFA score and its variants have become essential tools for assessing organ dysfunction and predicting outcomes in sepsis.
Methodology:
This prospective observational study included 148 sepsis patients admitted to the ICU at KVV Hospital from September 2022 to February 2024. Patients were assessed using SOFA scores, demographic data, comorbidities, and laboratory parameters, including serum procalcitonin and lactate levels. Statistical analyses were performed to explore correlations between SOFA scores, patient outcomes, and other clinical parameters.
Results:
The mean age of patients was 45.5 years, with males accounting for 58.78% of cases. A statistically significant higher SOFA score (mean 13.87 ± 7.25) was observed among non-survivors compared to survivors (8.41 ± 4.53, p < 0.001). SOFA scores were significantly correlated with lactate levels (r = 0.214), and patients with comorbidities had higher mean SOFA scores (p = 0.023). Culture reports identified Pseudomonas aeruginosa (14.19%) as the most common pathogen, though 20.27% of cultures showed no growth.
Conclusion:
SOFA scores, along with serum procalcitonin and lactate levels, serve as reliable indicators for assessing sepsis severity and guiding timely interventions. These findings underscore the importance of integrating these parameters into early management strategies to improve patient outcomes