Molecular Detection of Human parvovirus B19 in Patients with Thalassemia in Wasit Province, Iraq

Abstract

Background: Human B19 (PVB19) isssmall, non-envelope single strand DNA viruses from family of "Parvoviridae" it cause infections in human. In thalassemia are a heterogeneous grouping of genetic disorders that result from a decreased synthesis of alpha or beta chains of hemoglobin (Hb). Numerous factors contribute to functional abnormality found in βeta thalassemia patient like decrease red cells life span, rapidsiron turnover, and tissue deposition of excess iron B19 targets the erythroid progenitors in the bone marrow by binding to the glycosphingolipid.

Materials and Methods:  This case cross sectional study and the patients aged between   (5-40) years , study has been carried outsin Al-Kut teaching hospitals in Al-Iraq-Wasit in a period between  September 2023 and March 2024. This study followed the cross-sectional design. The populations of our study included 120 patients’ samples with thalassemia infected by Human Parvovirus B19 in blood transfusion patients 64 male and 56 female.  Nested-PCR used to detect of B19V by using primers. PCR reaction was done by using special sets of primers mentioned previously and special components and specific program and procedure according to components of PCR reaction.

Result:  Human parvovirus 19 Positive case percentage using polymerase chain reaction  indicated that the positive cases was reported according to polymerase chain reaction (PCR)  as a percentage of case related to the main characteristic of patients, current study data has been indicated as following:  in total of 120  patient sample with thalassemia has been included in this study,  PCR  positive case was  17 (14.2%), 6 (5%),  2 (1.7%) and 0 (0%) in the age groups (5-15), (16-25), (26-35) and (36-45) respectively. Male was more prevalent 17 (14.2%), than female 8 (6.7%),  So as to records of major type in comparision to intermediate 19 (15.8%) and 6 (5%). All positive cases were 25 cases.

Conclusion: Current data showed prevalence of Human parvovirus 19 in Iraqi patients. This prevalence should be alarming public health.