Epidemiological profile for type 2 diabetic patients in Babylon City: Across sectional study

Abstract

Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a multifaceted and enduring metabolic disorder that has become a prominent global health concern. The global impact of this issue is significant, affecting a large population and presenting substantial health risks, thereby placing a considerable strain on healthcare systems. Type 2 diabetes is a significant public health problem responsible for several macro and microvascular complications. This study aimed to describe the epidemiological profile of type 2 diabetic patients how attending to the specialized center for endocrinology and diabetes in Babylon City.

Methodology: A sectional study was conducted between  25th of September 2023 to the 18th of April 2024 to determine the epidemiological characteristics of patients with type 2 diabetes who was attending to the Specialized Center for Endocrinology and Diabetes in Marjan Teaching Hospital, it's a referral center for diabetes and other endocrinology diseases and received diabetes patients of different ages and both sexes from the different health facilities as Public Hospitals, PHC, and Private Clinics.

Result: - The study included 751 patients; 58.7% were females, and 41.3% were male. 30.8% were in the age group (60-69) years with an average age of 54.2±14.0 for all involved age (18-90) years. The majority, 47.1%, had diabetes duration of less than 10 years. On admission, 87.6 % of patients suffer from a chronic disease other than diabetes, 30.1 % were overweight, and 48.4 % were obese, with the non-significant difference between percentages using the person chi-square test (2-test) at 0.05 level (P= 0.970). On the other hand, 98.8 % of patients had at least one complication on admission: 81.9% had peripheral neuritis, 85 % had eye fatigue, 84.2 % had severe hypoglycemia, 41.3% had high blood pressure, 35.2% had a diabetic foot and lowest percentage 10.1% had brain strokes.

Conclusion: - The patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus have an extremely high risk of disease complications.