Screening and Awareness on Anemia among Pregnant Women

Abstract

Background: Anemia in pregnancy remains a significant public health challenge globally, associated with increased risks of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of anemia, along with the associated knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding its prevention among pregnant women. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 107 pregnant women attending antenatal care at Life Line Hospital, Kamal Nagar, Lakshmipur, Bangladesh from July 2024 to June 2025. Data on socio-demographics, hemoglobin levels, iron-folic acid (IFA) supplementation, deworming, knowledge of anemia, and dietary practices were collected and analyzed using descriptive statistics and chi-square tests. Results: The prevalence of anemia was 43.9%, with most cases being mild (27.1%) or moderate (16.8%). A significant proportion of women (52.4%, p=0.001) were not taking IFA supplements, primarily due to lack of knowledge (50.0%) and cost (42.9%). Deworming adherence was critically low (19.6%, p<0.001). Knowledge gaps were substantial: only 29.9% of women knew what anemia was, and 31.8% were aware of iron-rich foods (p<0.001). Notably, 73.8% received no information on anemia (p<0.001). While most (86.0%) consumed green leafy vegetables frequently, 33.6% practiced tea/coffee consumption within an hour of meals, inhibiting iron absorption. Conclusion: The study reveals a high burden of anemia, driven by inadequate IFA intake, poor deworming practices, and a critical lack of knowledge. There is an urgent need to strengthen antenatal education, provide free IFA supplements, and integrate routine deworming to effectively combat anemia in this vulnerable population.