Spectrum Of Diseases On Bone Marrow Aspiration In Cases Of Pancytopenia In A Tertiary Care Centre

Abstract

Background: Pancytopenia is a hematological condition characterized by a reduction in all three blood cell lines—erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets. It is a manifestation of various underlying pathologies affecting the bone marrow and peripheral blood.

Objectives: To determine the spectrum of diseases diagnosed on bone marrow aspiration in cases of pancytopenia in a tertiary care setting.

Methods: This prospective study was conducted over 18 months on 100 pancytopenic patients. Bone marrow aspiration and relevant hematological investigations were performed, and data were statistically analyzed.

Results: Megaloblastic anemia (47%) was the most common cause, followed by aplastic anemia (19%) and acute leukemia (13%). Hypercellular marrow was observed in 52% of cases. Peripheral smear findings correlated well with bone marrow diagnoses.

Conclusion: Bone marrow aspiration remains a crucial diagnostic tool in evaluating pancytopenia and helps in guiding appropriate patient management.