Formulation and Evaluation of Sustained Release Microspheres for Anti-Diabetic Drug Delivery

Abstract

Introduction: Improved therapeutic efficacy is achieved through sustained release drug delivery systems, which prolong the duration for which medication plasma concentrations remain within the therapeutic window. Drug bioavailability and dosage frequency are both enhanced by microspheres, making them a potentially useful tool. Aiming for enhanced patient compliance and regulated drug release, this study will develop and test sustained release microspheres for the delivery of anti-diabetic medications.
Materials and Methods: Solvent evaporation was used to create microspheres using polymeric carriers like Eudragit RL100 and ethyl cellulose. Size, shape, drug loading, encapsulation efficiency, and in vitro drug release were the parameters measured for the produced microspheres. We used FTIR and DSC to study the drug-polymer interactions, and SEM to look at the surface morphology. Studies were carried out to assess the behavior of prolonged drug release in a controlled laboratory setting simulating the stomach and intestines.
Results: Microspheres had a spherical shape and might be 100-300 µm in size. The polymer composition determined the drug entrapment efficiency, which ranged from 70% to 90%. There were no drug-polymer interactions, according to FTIR and DSC research. Examination using scanning electron microscopy revealed microspheres that were homogeneous and glossy. Evidence of diffusion-controlled release was found in in vitro release tests, which showed a 12- to 24-hour pattern of sustained drug release according to zero-order and Higuchi kinetics.
Conclusion: Prolonged treatment effects and enhanced patient compliance were ensured by the designed microspheres' sustained release of the anti-diabetic medication. The research shows that microspheres made of polymers could be a great way to manage diabetes with regulated medicine delivery.